All macronutrients contain
hydrogen
sulfur
nitrogen
potassium
1
The normal breakdown of cells and tissue is called
metabolism
digestion
anabolism
catabolism
4
Digested nutrients are absorbed
in the mouth and buccal cavities
in the lower fundus of the stomach
through the villi of the small intestine
through the blood vessels of the large intestine
3
Which of these saccharides is a monosaccharide?
lactose
maltose
fructose
sucrose
3
Which of these saccharides is found mostly in milk?
lactose
maltose
fructose
sucrose
1
Which of these saccharides is found mostly in beer?
lactose
maltose
fructose
sucrose
2
What is the salivary enzyme that begins carbohydrate digestion?
ptyalin
pepsin
lactase
lipase
1
The only carbohydrate that can be absorbed into the blood stream is
glucose
galactose
fructose
sucrose
1
A carbohydrate with a high glycemic index
contains more calories
raises the blood sugar more rapidly
converts to glycogen more readily
binds with glycerol to form fat
2
Intravenous fluids contain dextrose which is another name for
glucose
galactose
fructose
sucrose
1
Each gram of a carbohydrate contains
1 Calorie
4 Calories
6 Calories
9 Calories
2
The value that reflects a specific serving size of a particular food's effect on the blood glucose level is the
glycemic index
glycemic factor
glycemic load
glycemic contribution
3
A function of fiber is to
provide vitamins and minerals
prevent constipation
insulate the body for warmth
hasten the digestion of nutrients
2
The most important function of carbohydrates is to
provide amino acids
insulate and heat the body
maintain thyroid function and BMR
provide energy
4
The DRI recommends carbohydrates should make up what percent of the daily diet?
less than 10%
25%-40%
45%-65%
greater than 75%
3
Which of these foods would be a simple carbohydrate?
potato chips
ginger ale
ice cream
arrow root cookies
2
How is glucose stored for intermediate use?
in the muscles as galactose
in the liver as glycogen
in the pancreas as glucagon
in the adispose tissue as triglycerides
2
The heart muscles prefers which source of energy?
glucose
glycogen
fatty acids
amino acids
3
Fats are composed of glycerol and at least one
fatty acid
amino acid
ketone body
monosaccharide
1
Which of the following statements about lipase is correct?
Lipase is secreted  in the stomach
Lipase is produced in the pancreas
Lipase converts fats and proteins to lipoproteins
Lipase converts LDL to HDL
2
The primary purpose of lipids is to
provide saitey
provide insulation
prevent constipation
store energy
4
The purpose of bile is to
digest fats
store fats
catabolize fats
emulsify fats
4
Fats will used for immediate energy when
glycogen storage has been depleted
protein synthesis has been delayed
a sudden rise in blood sugar has occured
the body is in a state  of metabolic alkalosis
1
Cholesterol is
a triglyceride
a lipoprotein
a sterol
a glucolipid
3
In general, the healther ranges of LDL and HDL are
low LDL, low HDL
low LDL, high HDL
high LDL, low HDL
high LDL, high HDL
2
The term essential fatty acid means
necessary to sustain life
contains all possible fatty acids
unable to be manufactured by the body
contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
3
Vehicles that transpor fats in the blood stream are
bile salts
lipoproteins
glycoproteins
lipoglycerols
2
Which of these foods helps to raise HDL levels?
buttermilk
coconut oil
liver
fish
4
A waste product of fat energy metabolism is
ammonia
urea
ketones
fatty acids
3
Hydrogenated foods often result in
added calories
separation of oil
formation of transfats
increased cholesterol
3
What percentage of the adult daily calories should come from saturated fats?
less than 10%
20%-30%
30%-40%
at least 50%
1
Most plant fats are
less saturated than animal fats
more saturated than animal fats
as equally saturated as animal fats
fully saturated
1
Saturated fats are associated with
arteriosclerosis
thromboembolism
unstable blood sugars
atherosclerosis
4
Fats contain how many Calories per gram?
4 Calories
6 Calories
9 Calories
11 Calories
3
Which of the following is a function of fat?
provide flavor
provide fiber
provide quick energy
provide nitrogen
1
The unique properties of protein are due to its composition of
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
4
Indispensable amino acids must come from
fatty acids
the diet
protein metabolism
ammonium ions
2
The building blocks of protein are
nitrogen bodies
phospholipids
monoprotozoans
amino acids
4
Chemical digestion of protein begins in
the mouth
the stomach
the small intestine
the blood stream
2
Precursors of protein enzymes
begin the digestive process
separate the animal fat from animal protein
remain inactive until needed
stimulate the release of enzymes
3
Complete proteins contain
both animal and plant proteins
all 9 indispensable amino acids
no fat or cholesterol
all possible peptide combinations
2
Complementary proteins are a combination of foods that contain
all known amino acids
all indispensable amino acids
both indispensable and conditionally dispensable amino acids
all dispensable amino acids
2
Indispensable amino acids are mainly found in
animal products
enriched grains
fruits and vegetables
oils and fats
1
A by-product of protein metabolism is the formation of
fatty acids
lipoproteins
ketone bodies
ammonia
4
Which of these is not a primary function of protein?
tissue growth and repair
primary source of energy
fluid and electrolyte balance
emergency source of energy
2
Which of these enzymes helps to digest protein?
lipase
pepsin
amylase
enterokinase
4
Limiting protein may be necessary for persons with
high blood pressure
wound ulcers
gall bladder disorders
kidney disease
4
The liver transforms the more toxic ammonia to less toxic
urea
ketones
creatinine
aminoglycoside
1
Proteins contain how many Calories per gram?
3 Calories
4 Calories
7 Calories
9 Calories
2
The malnutrition state that results from protein, but not caloric, deficiency is
marasmus
pernicious anemia
kwashiorkor
hypoproteinemia
3
Nitrogen balance refers to
electrolyte homeostasis
anabolism and catabolism of proteins
stable blood sugar level
diets containing all 9 indispensable amino acids
2
The risk of negative nitrogen balance is greatest when
engaging in low carb dieting
introducing solid foods to an infant
experiencing puberty
hospitalized following surgery
4
